Elementar zarralar
Hozirgi vaqtda elementar zarrachalarning umumiy soni 200 dan ortiq nomlanishdagi turli zarrachalrni o‘z ichiga oladi. Ular orasida faqat 5 tasi mutloq barqaror bo‘lib, bular: foton, elektron neytrino hamda mezon neytrino, elektron va proton (ularning antizarralari ham barqaror). Jadvalda hayot vaqti 10−19 dan yuqori bo‘lgan elementar zarralar va ularning antizarralari haqida ma'lumotlar keltirilgan.
|
Sinf |
Guruh |
Zarracha nomi (Qavs ichida antizarra nomi) |
Belgilanishi |
Tinch holat massasi |
Elektr zaryad, (elementar zaryadlarda) |
O’rtacha hayot vaqti, soniya |
Spin |
Barrion zaryadi |
Lepton zaryadi |
G’alatilik |
|||
|
Zarracha |
Antizarracha |
Elektron massasida |
MeV |
Zarracha |
Antizarracha |
||||||||
|
Foton |
|
Foton |
γ |
− |
0 |
0 |
0 |
− |
Barqaror |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Leptonlar |
Neytrino |
Elektron neytrino (elektron antineytrino) |
𝜈e |
ṽe |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Barqaror |
½ |
0 |
+1 |
|
|
Mezon neytrino (Mezon antineytrino) |
𝜈μ |
ṽμ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Barqaror |
½ |
0 |
+1 |
|
||
|
Elektronlar |
Elektron (pozitron) |
e− |
e+ |
1 |
0.511 |
−1 |
+1 |
Barqaror |
½ |
0 |
+1 |
|
|
|
Myuonlar |
Minus-myu-mezon (plyus-myu-mezon) |
μ− |
μ+ |
206.8 |
105.7 |
−1 |
+1 |
2.2∙10−6 |
½ |
0 |
+1 |
|
|
|
Mezonlar |
Pionlar |
pi-nol-mezon pi-plyus-mezon (pi-minus-mezon) |
π0 π+ |
− π− |
264.3 273.1 |
135.0 139.6 |
0 +1 |
− −1 |
0.8∙10−16 2.6∙10−8 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
|
Kaonlar |
ka-plyus-mezon (ka-minus-mezon) |
K+ |
K− |
966 |
493.8 |
+1 |
−1 |
1.23∙10−8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
+1 |
|
|
ka-nol-mezon (anti-ka-nol-mzeon) |
K0 |
0 |
974 |
498 |
0 |
0 |
uchun 0.9∙10−10 uchun 5.4∙10−8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
+1 |
||
|
Eton |
eta-nol-mezon |
η0 |
− |
1090 |
548.7 |
0 |
− |
10−19 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
davomi |
|||||||||||||
|
Sinf |
Guruh |
Zarracha nomi (Qavs ichida antizarra nomi) |
Belgilanishi |
Tinch holat massasi |
Elektr zaryad, (elementar zaryadlarda) |
O’rtacha hayot vaqti, soniya |
Spin |
Barrion zaryadi |
Lepton zaryadi |
G’alatilik |
|||
|
Zarracha |
Antizarracha |
Elektron massasida |
MeV |
Zarracha |
Antizarracha |
||||||||
|
Barionlar |
Nuklonlar |
Proton (antiproton) |
p |
|
1836.1 |
938.3 |
+1 |
−1 |
Barqaror |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neytron (antineytron) |
n |
|
1838.6 |
939.6 |
0 |
0 |
1.01∙103 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
0 |
||
|
Giperonlar |
lamda-nol-giperon (anti-lamda-nol-giperon) |
Λ0 |
0 |
2182 |
1115.6 |
0 |
0 |
2.5∙10−10 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−1 |
|
|
sigma-plyus-giperon (anti-sigma-plyus-giperon) |
Σ+ |
+ |
2328 |
1189.4 |
+1 |
−1 |
0.8∙10−10 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−1 |
||
|
sigma-nol-giperon (anti-sigma-nol-giperon) |
Σ0 |
0 |
2331 |
1192.5 |
0 |
0 |
10−14 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−1 |
||
|
sigma-minus-giperon (anti-sigma-minus-giperon) |
Σ− |
− |
2341 |
1197.3 |
−1 |
+1 |
1.49∙10−10 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−1 |
||
|
ksi-nol-giperon (anti-ksi-nol-giperon) |
Ξ0 |
0 |
2565 |
1314.7 |
0 |
0 |
3.03∙10−10 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−2 |
||
|
ksi-minus-giperon (anti-ksi-minus-giperon) |
Ξ− |
− |
2580 |
1321 |
−1 |
+1 |
1.66∙10−10 |
½ |
+1 |
0 |
−2 |
||
|
omega-minus-giperon (anti-omega-minus-giperon) |
Ω− |
− |
3300 |
1672.5 |
−1 |
+1 |
1.3∙10−10 |
|
+1 |
0 |
−1 |
||
Izoh: Lepton va barion zaryadlari va g‘alatilkilarning ishoralari zarrachalar uchun keltirilgan. Antizarrachalar uchun ularning qarama-qarshisi qo‘llanadi.
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